1. What is a stainless steel bar/rod?
The stainless steel bar is often constructed of stainless steel types 304, 316, and others. The length is typically between four and six meters, and the cross-sectional shape might be round, square, hexagonal, etc.
Pbaruction process and classification of stainless steel bars
Stainless steel bars are made from stainless steel ingots that are hot-rolled or forged.
Stainless steel bar obstruction line process: billet acceptance → heating → rolling → double-length shearing → cooling → shearing → inspection → packaging → measurement → warehousing.
Classification of stainless steel bars: According to shape, they can be roughly divided into stainless steel round bars, stainless steel square bars, and stainless steel hexagonal bars.
According to surface treatment, it can be divided into stainless steel black bar, stainless steel acid white bar, stainless steel bright bar, and stainless steel grinding bar.
Stainless steel series
304L stainless steel bar, 304 stainless steel bar, 310 stainless steel bar, 303 stainless steel bar, 302 stainless steel bar, 301 stainless steel bar, 202 stainless steel bar, 201 stainless steel bar, 410 stainless steel bar, 420 stainless steel bar, 430 stainless steel bar.
316L stainless steel bar: 316 stainless steel contains molybdenum and low carbon content. Its resistance to pitting corrosion in the ocean and chemical industrial environment is much better than that of 304 stainless steel! (316L is low carbon, 316N is nitrogen-containing and has high strength, 316F stainless steel has high sulfur content and is easy to cut stainless steel.
304L stainless steel bar: As a low-carbon 304 steel, under normal circumstances, its corrosion resistance is similar to that of 304. However, after welding or stress relief, its resistance to grain boundary corrosion is excellent. It can also resist corrosion without heat treatment. Maintain good corrosion resistance.
304 stainless steel bar: It has good corrosion resistance, heat resistance, low-temperature strength and mechanical properties, good hot workability such as stamping and bending, and no heat treatment hardening phenomenon. Usage: tableware, cabinets, boilers, auto parts, medical equipment, building materials, food industry (use temperature -196°C-700°C).
310 stainless steel bar: The main features are: high temperature resistance, generally used in boilers and automobile exhaust pipes. Other properties are average.
303 stainless steel bar: By adding a small amount of sulfur and phosphorus, it is easier to cut than 304, and other properties are similar to 304.
302 stainless steel bars: 302 stainless steel bars are widely used in auto parts, aviation, aerospace hardware tools, and the chemical industry. The details are as follows: handicrafts, bearings, slip patterns, medical instruments, electrical appliances, etc. Characteristics: 302 stainless steel ball is an austenitic steel, which is close to 304, but the hardness of 302 is higher, HRC≤28, and has good rust and corrosion resistance.
301 stainless steel bar: good ductility, used for molded parts. It can also be hardened by mechanical processing. Good weldability. Wear resistance and fatigue strength are better than 304 stainless steel.
202 stainless steel bar: It is a chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic stainless steel with better performance than 201 stainless steel.
201 stainless steel bar: It is a chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic stainless steel with relatively low magnetism.
410 stainless steel bar: It is martensitic (high-strength chromium steel), and has good wear resistance and poor corrosion resistance.
420 stainless steel bar: "Cutting tool grade" martensitic steel, similar to Brinell high chromium steel, the earliest stainless steel. Also used in surgical knives, which can be made very shiny.
430 stainless steel bar: ferritic stainless steel, used for decoration, such as car accessories. Good formability, but poor temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
302 stainless steel bar is an austenitic steel, which is close to 304, but the hardness of 302 is higher, HRC≤28, and has good rust and corrosion resistance.
2. Chemical composition of stainless steel bar/rod
| Grade | C (Max) | Mn (Max) | P (Max) | S (Max) | Si (Max) | Cr | Ni | Mo | Nitrogen (Max) | Cu/ Others |
| 201 | 0.15 | 5.50/7.50 | 0.06 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16.0/18.0 | 3.5/5.5 | - | - | n-25 max |
| 202 | 0.15 | 7.50/10.0 | 0.06 | 0.030. | 1.0 | 17.0/19.0 | 4.0/6.0 | - | - | n-25 max |
| JS- 203 | 0.08 | 9.2510.25 | 0.070 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 14.25 - 15.25 | 2.25 - 2.75 | - | - | 1.60- 2.0 |
| 301 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.00 - 18.00 | 6.00 - 8.00 | - | 0.10 | - |
| 301M | 0.10 | 4.55.5 | 0.060 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 14.50 - 15.50 | 6.0 - 7.0 | - | - | 1.70- 1.90 |
| 304 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 18.00 - 20.00 | 8.00- 10.50 | - | 0.10 | - |
| 304L | 0.030 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 18.00 - 20.00 | 8.00- 12.00 | - | 0.10 | - |
| 309s | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 22.0/24.0 | 12.0/15.0 | |||
| 310 | 0.25 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.50 | 24.0/26.0 | 19.0/22.0 | |||
| 310S | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.50 | 24.00- 26.00 | 19.00 - 22.00 | - | - | - |
| 316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 16.00 - 18.00 | 10.00 - 14.00 | 2.00 - 3.00 | 0.10 | - |
| 316L | 0.030 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 16.00 - 18.00 | 10.00 - 14.00 | 2.00 - 3.00 | 0.10 | - |
| 317 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 18.00 - 20.00 | 11.00 - 14.00 | 3.00 - 4.00 | 0.10 | - |
| 317L | 0.030 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 18.00 - 20.00 | 11.00 - 15.00 | 3.00 - 4.00 | 0.10 | - |
| 321 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 17.00 - 19.00 | 9.00 - 12.00 | - | 0.10 | Ti5 ( C + N ) Min or 0.70 max |
| 347 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 17.00 - 19.00 | 9.00 - 13.00 | - | - | Cb= 10x ( C Min ) or 1.00 Max |
| 409 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.010 | 1.00 | 10.50 - 11.75 | 0.50 | - | - | Ti= 6x (C+ N ) Min or 0.70 Max |
| 409M | 0.03 | 0.81.2 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.40.75 | 11.00- 12.00 | 1.5 max. | - | - | Ti= 6x (C) Min or 0.70 Max |
| 410S | 0.08 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 11.50- 13.50 | 0.60 | - | - | - |
| 410 | 0.15 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 11.50- 13.50 | 0.75 | - | - | - |
| 420 | 0.35 | 0.50 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 0.50 | 12.00 - 13.00 | 0.20.3 | - | - | - |
| 440A | 0.60/0.70 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16.0/18.0 | - | - | - | - |
| 440B | 0.75,0.95 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16.0/18.0 | - | - | - | - |
| 440C | 0.95, 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16.0/18.0 | - | - | - | - |
| 430 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 16.00 - 18.00 | 0.75 | - | - | - |
| JSL AUS | 0.08 | 7.08.0 | 0.070 | 0.030 | 0.75 | 15.50 - 16.50 | 4.25 - 4.75 | - | - | 0.9 - 1.10 |
| 904L | 0.02 | 2.00 | 0.030 | 0.045 | 1.00 | 19.0-23.0 | 23.0-28.0 | - | - | 23.0-28.0 |
| 2205 | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.030 | 0.020 | 1.00 | 21.0-23.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 4.5-6.5 | ||
| 2207 | 0.030 | 1.20 | 0.035 | 0.020 | 0.30 | 24.0-26.0 | 6.0-8.0 | - | - | 6.0-8.0 |
| * Thickness of 1.27mm & below will have elongation of 20% min. | ||||||||||
3. Mechanical properties of stainless steel bar/rod
Yield point (σs)
When the steel or sample is stretched, when the stress exceeds the elastic limit, even if the stress no longer increases, the steel or sample continues to undergo significant plastic deformation. This phenomenon is called yielding, and the minimum stress value when yielding occurs is for the yield point. Assume Ps is the external force at the yield point s, Fo is the cross-sectional area of the sample, and then the yield point σs = Ps/Fo (MPa).
Yield strength (σ0.2)
The yield point of some metal materials is extremely unclear and difficult to measure. Therefore, in order to measure the yield characteristics of the material, the stress when the permanent residual plastic deformation is equal to a certain value (usually 0.2% of the original length) is specified, which is called the condition. Yield strength or simply yield strength σ0.2.
Tensile strength (σb)
The maximum stress value reached by the material from the beginning to the time of fracture during the stretching process. It indicates the steel's ability to resist fracture. Corresponding to tensile strength are compressive strength, flexural strength, etc. Assuming that Pb is the maximum tensile force reached before the material is broken, Fo is the cross-sectional area of the sample, then the tensile strength σb = Pb/Fo (MPa).
Elongation (δs)
After the material is pulled apart, the percentage of its plastic elongation length to the original sample length is called elongation or elongation.
Yield-strength ratio (σs/σb)
The ratio of the yield point (yield strength) of a material to its tensile strength is called the yield ratio. The larger the yield-strength ratio, the higher the reliability of structural parts. Generally, the yield-strength ratio of carbon steel is 0.6-0.65, and that of low-alloy structural steel is 0.65-0.75. Alloy structural steel is 0.84-0.86.
Hardness
Hardness indicates a material's ability to resist hard objects pressing into its surface. It is one of the important performance indicators of metal materials. Generally, the higher the hardness, the better the wear resistance. Commonly used hardness indicators include Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, and Vickers hardness.
| Type | Temper | Nominal Mechanical Properties | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile PSI | Yield PSI | Elong. % In 2" | Rockwell Hardness | ||
| 304 | Annealed | 85,000 | 35,000 | 55 | RB80 |
| 1/8 Hard | 105,000 | 75,000 | 20 | RB95 | |
| 304 L | Annealed | 80,000 | 30,000 | 55 | RB75 |
| 1/8 Hard | 105,000 | 75,000 | 20 | RB95 | |
| 304H | Annealed | 85,000 | 35,000 | 55 | RB80 |
| 310 | Annealed | 95,000 | 45,000 | 45 | RB85 |
| 316 | Annealed | 85,000 | 35,000 | 50 | RB80 |
| 316L | Annealed | 80,000 | 30,000 | 50 | RB75 |
| 316H | Annealed | 85,000 | 35,000 | 50 | RB80 |
| 317 | Annealed | 90,000 | 40,000 | 45 | RB85 |
| 321 | Annealed | 90,000 | 35,000 | 55 | RB80 |
| 1/8 Hard | 105,000 | 75,000 | 20 | RB95 | |
| 347 | Annealed | 95,000 | 40,000 | 50 | RB85 |
| 21-6-9 | Annealed | 100,000 | 60,000 | 45 | RB90 |
| 1/8 Hard | 142,000 | 120,000 | 20 | RC30 | |
| 416 | Annealed | 75,000 | 35,000 | 20 | RB95 |
4. Physical properties of stainless steel bar/rod
Corrosion resistance, heat resistance, weldability, polishing performance, plasticity, tensile strength
| Specific Heat (0-100°C) | 500 | J.kg-1.°K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 16.3 | W.m -1.°K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 15.9 | μm/μm/°C |
| Modulus Elasticity | 193 | GPa |
| Electrical Resistivity | 7.4 | Ohm-cm |
| Density | 7.99 | g/cm3 |
5. Specifications of stainless steel bar/rod
Being a trustworthy stainless steel bar/rod manufacturer and supplier, Shanghai Yinggui Metal Pbaructs Company aims to make manufacturing easier for our business partners. Shanghai Yinggui Metal offers 304, 316, 316L, 317L, 310S, 440C, 904L, S31050 etc.
| Product Name | stainless steel bar/rod round bar |
| Certificate | ISO9001, CE, or as per customer. |
| Surface | 2B 2D BA(bright annealed) No.1 8K HL(Hair Line) PVC |
| Size | According to customer needs |
| Standard | AISI, ASTM, GB, BS, EN, JIS, DIN |
| Material | 200 series: 201,202,202Cu,204Cu, 300 series: 301,303/Cu,304/L/H,304Cu,305,309/S,310/S,316/L/H/Ti,321/H,347/H,330, 400 series: 409/L,410,416/F,420/F,430,431,440C,441,444,446, 600 series: 13-8ph,15-5ph,17-4ph,17-7ph(630,631),660A/B/C/D, Duplex: 2205(UNS S31803/S32205),2507(UNS S32750),UNS S32760,2304,LDX2101,LDX2404,LDX4404,904L; Alloy: Alloy 20, Alloy 28, Alloy 31; Hastelloy: Hastelloy B / B-2,Hastelloy B-3,Hatelloy C22,Hastelloy C-4,Hastelloy S, Hastelloy C276,Hastelloy C-2000,Hastelloy G-35,Hastelloy G-30,Hastelloy X, Hastelloy N; Haynes: Haynes 230, Haynes 556, Haynes 188; Inconel: Inconel 600,Inconel 601,Inconel 602CA,Inconel 617,Inconel 625,Inconel 718,Inconel X-750;Carpenter 20; Incoloy: Incoloy 800 / 800H / 800HT,Incoloy 825,Incoloy 925,Incoloy 926 GH: GH2132,GH3030,GH3039,GH3128,GH4180,GH3044 Monel: Monel 400,Monel K500 Nitronic: Nitronic 40,Nitronic 50,Nitronic 60; Nimonic: Nimonic 75,Nimonic 80A,Nimonic 90 ; Others: 254SMo,253Ma,F15,Invar36,1J22,N4,N6 etc 1.4057,1.4313,1.4362,1.4372,1.4378,1.4418,1.4482,1.4597,1.4615,1.4662,1.4669, 1.4913,1.4923 etc |
| Application | Kitchenware, home appliances, construction decoration, stairs, refrigerated containers, burner parts, exhaust parts of auto |
| Feature | Representative type of Ferrite stainless steel, with magnetic |
| Good cost performance, price stability | |
| Good shaping capability, weld bending capability, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion | |
| Advantages | Strong corrosion and decorative effect |
| TradeTerms | FOB, CFR, CIF, EXW. |
| Payment Terms | T/T, L/C at sight 30%T/T in advance, balance 70% should be paid after receiving the copy of B/L. |
| Cooperation Ship-owner | MSK, CMA, MSC, HMM, COSCO, UA, NYK, OOCL, HPL, YML, MOL |
6. Applications and characteristics of stainless steel bar/rod
What are the uses of stainless steel bars?
1. Create home things out of stainless steel. such as kitchenware, knives, dinnerware, and other items made of stainless steel. Due to their stunning look, resistance to corrosion, and ease of cleaning, products constructed of stainless steel bars are particularly well-liked by consumers.
2. Stainless steel bars are frequently used in the equipment industry for items like bearings, gears, screws, etc. because of their high strength, wear resistance, and high-temperature resistance.
3. Create building supplies. Building products made of stainless steel bars, like stair handrails, guardrails, aluminum curtain walls, aluminum windows, etc., are long-lasting and attractive in appearance, and they are frequently employed in the field of building decoration.
4. Create medical, chemical, and other equipment. The chemical and medical industries make extensive use of premium stainless steel bars, such as 316 stainless steel bars. They are the perfect material for the manufacture of these devices due to their biocompatibility and resistance to corrosion.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of stainless steel bars?
Benefits: Stainless steel bars provide good hardness, tensile strength, and corrosion resistance at high temperatures. Their service life is substantially increased by their ability to be used in a variety of difficult situations.
Stainless steel bars have the drawbacks of being heavy and rather expensive to create. Stainless steel will also corrode and need particular treatment in some acidic and alkaline situations.
7. Main stainless steel product brand list
| Category | China | United States | Japan | Europe |
| Martensitic Stainless Steel | Cr13 model | 410 | SUS410 | SAF2301 |
| 1Cr17Ni2 | 431 | SUS431 | SAF2321 | |
| 9Cr18 | 440C | SUS440C | ||
| 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb | 17-4PH | SUH630 | ||
| 1Cr12Ni3MoWV | XM32 | DIN1.4313 | ||
| 2Cr12MoVNbN | SUH600 | |||
| 2Cr12NiMoWV | SUH616 | |||
| Duplex Steel | 00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2 | S31500 | 3RE60 | |
| 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N | S31803 | 329J3L1 | SAF2205 | |
| 00Cr25Ni6Mo2N | 329J1L1R-4 | |||
| 00Cr25Ni7Mo3N | S31260 | 329J4L | SAF2507 | |
| 00Cr25Ni6Mo3CuN | S32550 | |||
| Special Alloy | ZG40Cr25Ni20 | HK | ||
| ZG45Ni35Cr27N6 | KP | |||
| ZG50N148Cr28W5 | ||||
| ZGN136Cr26Co15W5 | ||||
| ZG10Ni32Cr20Nb | ||||
| ZG45Ni48Cr28W5Co5 | ||||
| Ferrite | 0Cr13 | 410S | SUS410S | |
| 00Cr17Ti | ||||
| 00Cr18Mo2Ti | ||||
| Austenitic Stainless Steel | 0Cr18Ni9Ti | 321 | SUS321 | SAF2337 |
| 00Cr19Ni10 | 304L | SUS304L | ||
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 | 316 | SUS316 | SAF2343 | |
| 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 | 316L | SUS312L | ||
| 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 | 317L | SUS317L | ||
| ZG00Cr19Ni10 | CF3 | SCS19A | ||
| ZG00Cr17Ni14Mo2 | CF3M | SCS16A | ||
| 0Cr25Ni20 | 310S | SUS310S | ||
| 00Cr20Ni18Mo6CuN | S31254 | 254SMO | ||
| 00Cr20Ni25Mo4.5Cu | 904L | 2RK65 | ||
| 00Cr25Ni22MoN | S31050 | 2RE69 | ||
| Alloy Steel | Various high-quality alloy sheets of steel, tool and die steels, low-temperature steels, pressure vessel steels, ASME specification materials, wire rods, plates, TIG welding wire, and covered electrodes. | |||
